GPS antenna monuments and mounts supported by UNAVCO: Options and Effectiveness

Normandeau, J., Meertens, C., Bartel, B.
UNAVCO, 6350 Nautilus Dr., Boulder, Colorado  80303

Abstract

Many different monumentation types and antenna mounts have been used in UNAVCO-supported projects for campaign, semi-permanent and long-term continuous GPS sites. We summarize nine monuments and mounts currently in popular use in UNAVCO-supported projects as options to the greater scientific community. The designs range in height from 0 to 3 meters; substrates into which they are installed include soil, bedrock, and concrete; and costs range from approximately $30 to $15000. In many places outside the US, logistical, economical, and material restraints make installation of deep- and shallow-drilled braced monuments at best difficult and at worst impossible. Simpler single-mast or concrete monuments offer less expensive, more portable installation options.

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